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political science class 11 chapter 1 question answers

Q1. Which of these is not a function of the constitution?

1. It gives a guarantee of the rights of the citizen.

2. It marks out different spheres of power for different branches of government.

3. It ensures that good people come to power.

4. It gives expression to some shared values.

Ans: 3. It ensures that good people come to power.

Explanation:

The Constitution is responsible for the framework of distribution of power and not for the personal integrity of the

people who occupy the positions of power.

Q2. Which of the following is a good reason to conclude that the authority of the constitution is higher than that of the

parliament?

1. The constitution was framed before the parliament came into being.

2. The constitution makers were more eminent leaders than the members of the parliament.

3. The constitution specifies how parliament is to be formed and what are its powers.

4. The constitution cannot be amended by the parliament.

Ans: 3. The constitution specifies how parliament is to be formed and what are its powers. 

Q3. State whether the following statements about a constitution are True or False.

A constitution gives its citizens a new identity.

Ans: True

Explanation:

Constitution expresses the fundamental identity of people.

Q4. State whether the following statements about a constitution are True or False.

Constitutions exist and are required only in democratic countries.

Ans: False

Explanation:

Constitutions also exists in pseudo democracies or military rule.

Q5. State whether the following statements about a constitution are True or False.

Constitution is a legal document that does not deal with ideals and values.

Ans: False

Explanation:

Constitution is a legal document and it deals with ideals and values of society.

Q6. State whether the following inferences about the making of the Indian Constitution are Correct or Incorrect. Give reasons

to support your answer.

Constitution making did not involve any major decision since there was a general consensus among the leaders at that

time about its basic framework.

Ans: Incorrect, because the members not agreed with each other on many things. Each particular provisions of the

Constitution were subjected to debate by the entire Assembly.

Q7. State whether the following inferences about the making of the Indian Constitution are Correct or Incorrect. Give reasons

to support your answer.

The Constituent Assembly did not represent the Indian people since it was not elected by all citizens.

Ans: Incorrect, because the members of Constituent Assembly were chosen by indirect election by the members of the

Provincial Legislative Assemblies that had been established under the Government of India Act, 1935 also every

province, religious groups and community were given equal representation in this assembly.

Q8. State whether the following inferences about the making of the Indian Constitution are Correct or Incorrect. Give reasons

to support your answer.

There was little originality in the Constitution, for much of it was borrowed from other countries.

Ans: Correct, because many provisions were adapted from constitutions of different countries like Britain, France, USA,

Canada etc.

Q9. State whether the following statements about a constitution are True or False.

Constitutions are written documents about formation and power of the government.

Ans: False

Explanation:

Constitutions need not be always written.

It can be Unwritten as well.

Q10. Give two examples each to support the following conclusions about the Indian Constitution:

The Constitution is the locus of people's hopes and aspirations.

Ans: Indian Constitution is formed on the basis of common goals of Indian people that were expressed during the

nationalist movement. It was reflected in the Objectives Resolution that defined the aims of the assembly.

The Constitution provides institutional expression to ideas of equality, liberty, sovereignty, democracy and

cosmopolitan identity.

Q11. Give two examples each to support the following conclusions about the Indian Constitution:

The Constitution was made by credible leaders who commanded people's respect.

Ans: The members of the Constituent Assembly represented all religions as well as sections of the society. There were

26 members from the Scheduled classes as well as members from Hindu, Sikh and Muslim

communities. Representatives were elected by the members of each community in the Provincial Legislative

Assembly through proportional representation.

The Provinces and Princely States were allotted seats in proportion to their population, approximately in the ratio

of 1 : 10,00,000. Members of the Constituent Assembly like Nehru, Patel, Rajendra Prasad and Ambedkar were

also a part of the national movement and enjoyed credibility among masses.

Q12. Give two examples each to support the following conclusions about the Indian Constitution:

The Constitution has distributed power in such a way as to make it difficult to subvert it.

Ans: The Constitution has horizontally distributed power among different institutions of judiciary, legislature and

executive and statutory bodies like the election commission. If one institution tries to exploit it, other institutions

check it.

The Constitution strikes a balance between the possibility of change and the limits placed upon the nature of

changes that can be made. Thus, it is neither too rigid nor too flexible and survives as a living document that has

the respect of the people.

Q13. Why is it necessary for a country to have a clear demarcation of powers and responsibilities in the constitution? What

would happen in the absence of such a demarcation?

Ans: It is necessary for a country to have a clear demarcation of powers and responsibilities in the constitution because

demarcation allows the institutions to work efficiently without any interference or overlapping of power and

responsibilities. Absence of such demarcation would lead to a clash between the various institutions that derive their

power from the constitution and ultimately subvert it.

Q14. Why is it necessary for a constitution to place limitations on the rulers? Can there be a constitution that gives no power at

all to the citizens?

Ans: It is necessary for a constitution to place place limitations on the rulers because in the absence of this the government

may pass a law which violates certain specified fundamental rights that all of us possess as citizens. No, there cannot be

a constitution that gives no power at all to the citizens because any authority cannot exist without citizens.

Q15. The Japanese Constitution was made when the US occupation army was still in control of Japan after its defeat in the

Second World War. The Japanese constitution could not have had any provision that the US government did not like. Do

you see any problem in this way of making the constitution? In which way was the Indian experience different from this?

Ans: A good constitution is one that has been drafted by the people. It means that the constitution should not have been

drafted and imposed by any foreign power. Many scholars have noted the irony of the occupation installing democratic

political institutions in Japan through transparently authoritarian means. The Japanese, it has been said, were “forced

to be free” by their American occupiers. Nonetheless, the 1947 Constitution was readily embraced by the Japanese

people and has endured (with not a single amendment over the past six decades) as a sound basis for Japan’s post war

democracy. Making of constitution in this way means that it was imposed forcefully without taking into consideration

basic ideals of constitution making. Indian constitution was enacted by the constituent assembly constituted in 1946

under the cabinet mission plan. The members of constituent assembly were indirectly elected without any coercion

from British government. It was an independent constituent assembly that framed the Indian constitution.

Q16. Rajat asked his teacher this question: “The constitution is a fifty year old and therefore outdated book. No one took my

consent for implementing it. It is written in such tough language that I cannot understand it. Tell me why should I obey

this document?” If you were the teacher, how would you answer Rajat?

Ans: The Constitution is not an outdated book as it accepts the required changes to keeps updated with requirements of the

changing times. The amendment in the provision of constitution made time to time but according to rigid law so that

no one can alter it for their own interest.

The language of Indian constitution is elaborative. Its vast size and also inclusion of some legal languages stands it as

tough. However, it is written in too detailed manner clearing all confusion that may come.

The Indian constitution is a body fundamental principles according to which India is governed. It provides democratic

form of government in India. It grants fundamental rights and privileges to all its citizens. It lay down th basic ideals of

secularism, equality and fraternity. It is very necessary for smooth functioning and working of various institutions and

also maintains stability. Therefore, we should obey this document.

Q17. In a discussion on the experience of the working of our Constitution.

Nazima: The Constitution has not failed us. We have failed the Constitution. Do you agree with any of these positions? If

yes, why? If not, what is your own position?

Ans: Any answer supported with argument or explanation would solve the purpose. It is strongly recommended that you

prepare the solution on your own. However, one sample solution has been provided for your reference:

The position of Nazima is correct. The Constitution has adequate principles for proper governance of the country. The

people who are responsible for executing and implementing the principles of the constitution have failed to do so

because of their self-interest and dishonesty. The tendency to subvert democratic processes in pursuit of power has led

to the state of affairs where elections are rigged, money and muscle power becomes important and political parties are

run as family institutions without inner-party democracy. All this is responsible for the rampant rise in corruption as

people who gain positions of power through money want to recover their expenditure.

Q18. In a discussion on the experience of the working of our Constitution.

Neha: The Constitution made solemn promises of ensuring liberty, equality and fraternity. Since this has not happened,

the Constitution has failed.

Ans: Any answer supported with argument or explanation would solve the purpose. It is strongly recommended that you

prepare the solution on your own. However, one sample solution has been provided for your reference:

The position of Neha is not correct. While it is true that the country is yet to entirely achieve the stated goals of liberty,

equality and fraternity, it must be also remembered that these goals are not a static but dynamic process since society

is always evolving. The inability to achieve these goals cannot be attributed to the constitution but rather to the

individual shortcomings and weaknesses of the people who are in position of power and the nature of politics in recent

years.

Q19. In a discussion on the experience of the working of our Constitution.

Harbans: The Indian Constitution has succeeded in giving us a framework of democratic government.

Ans: Any answer supported with argument or explanation would solve the purpose. It is strongly recommended that you

prepare the solution on your own. However, one sample solution has been provided for your reference:

The position of Harbans is correct. The constitution has succeeded in creating a framework of democratic government

within which people exercise their choice while electing the government. Elections are conducted regularly at all levels

of government and institutional arrangements have been largely successful in preventing the subversion of Constitution.