What is psychology class 11th - NCERT Solutions For Chapter 1 Psychology 

Exploring Class 11 Psychology, especially Chapter 1, marks the beginning of an enthralling journey into the human mind and behavior. This initial chapter, a cornerstone of the NCERT Class 11 Psychology syllabus, lays the foundation for a deep understanding of 'What is Psychology'. It's not just about reading through the chapter; it's about unraveling the intricacies of human thoughts, emotions, and actions. For students diving into this subject, the Class 11 Psychology Chapter 1 Solutions offer a comprehensive guide to mastering the concepts.

The chapter delves into the fundamental question: What is Psychology in Class 11? It's a question that piques the curiosity of many students and is thoroughly explored in the NCERT Class 11 Psychology textbook. The chapter provides detailed insights, ensuring students grasp the essence of psychology and its relevance in everyday life. The Psychology Class 11 Chapter 1 Question Answer section further aids in reinforcing the concepts learned, making it easier for students to apply this knowledge in real-world scenarios.

For those seeking a more in-depth understanding, the Psychology Class 11 Chapter 1 Notes PDF Download is an invaluable resource. These notes break down complex theories and ideas into simpler, more digestible content, ideal for quick revision and deeper comprehension. Additionally, the Psychology Class 11 NCERT PDF is a must-have for every student. It not only covers the curriculum but also provides various examples and case studies, enhancing the learning experience.

Furthermore, students can test their understanding with the Psychology Class 11 Sample Paper, which offers a variety of questions and scenarios, mirroring the pattern of examinations. This practice not only prepares students for their exams but also deepens their understanding of psychological concepts.

In summary, Class 11 Psychology Chapter 1 is more than just a chapter in a textbook; it's a gateway to understanding the human psyche. Whether it's through the detailed explanations in the NCERT book, the helpful solutions, or the comprehensive notes and sample papers, students are well-equipped to embark on this fascinating journey into the world of psychology.

Q1. What is behaviour? Give examples of overt and covert behaviour.

Ans: Behaviour is a response or a reaction of an individual or an activity in which the individual is engaged in. It is the result of a stimulus in the environment or an internal change. Behaviours may be simple or complex and overt or covert.

Examples of overt behaviour:

1. Blinking of eyes when a stone is hurled at a person.

2. Withdrawing the hand immediately after touching a hot pan.

Examples of covert behaviour:

1. The twitching of hand muscles while playing a game of chess.

2. Pounding of heart during an interview.

Q2. Differentiate between, A counsellor and a clinical psychologist.

Q3. Give a brief account of the evolution of psychology.

Ans: Psychology as a modem discipline has a short history but a long past. It grew out of ancient philosophy. It emerges as a scientific discipline in the following phases:

1. Structuralism: It is the oldest school/ approach to psychology, and it was proposed by William Wundt. Structuralists were interested in analysis of human mind and its structure. They were interested in conscious experience and wanted to study the building blocks of mind. They used introspective method to study mental processes and experiences.

2. Functionalism: It is an approach to psychology, developed by an American Psychologist William James. They (Functionalists) emphasised on what the mind does and the function of consciousness in adjustment to the environment According to them consciousness is an on-going stream of mental process, it can’t be broken down into parts. They also used introspective method to study mental processes and experiences.

3. Behaviourism: Proposed by John B. Watson who viewed psychology as the science of behaviour and behaviour could be described objectively in terms of stimuli and responses (S - R). This approach proposed that mentalist concepts such as consciousness, image or mind cannot be measured or studied objectively and scientifically. Watson emphasised on observable and verifiable response to stimuli. He was influenced by Pavlov’s classical conditioning and was interested in the study of learning.

4. Gestalt Psychology: This approach was a revolt against structuralism, founded in Germany by Wertheimer, Kohler and Koffka. It focused on perceptual organisation (organisation of what we see) and they also demonstrated the laws of perceptual organisation. Structuralist wanted to break down perception into elements but Gestalt stated that when we look at the world, our perceptual experience is more than the sum of the components of the perceptions i.e. we give meaning to perception.

For example, when we look at a table we do not see four wooden legs and trapezoid plain surface above it but

we recognise it as a table.

5. Psychoanalysis: This approach was proposed by Dr. Sigmund Freud. He viewed human behaviour as a dynamic manifestation of unconscious desires and conflicts of which we are not aware at present. He used psychoanalysis as a system to understand and cure psychological disorders.

6. Humanism: It was advocated by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. They emphasised on the free will of human beings i.e. people are free to do whatever they choose to do. Their actions are not predetermined by any force. They said that human beings strive to grow and unfold their inner potential i.e. what they are capable of doing. According to them, all individuals have an innate tendency to self actualise and all human activities are goal-directed and worthwhile.

7. Cognitive Perspective/ Cortstructivism: This perspective is a combination of Gestalt approach and structuralist approach. This approach focuses on cognition i.e. how we know the world through thinking understanding, perceiving, memorising and problem solving etc.

Jean Piaget and Vygotsky are the pioneers of this approach.

Cognitive psychologists view the human mind as an information-processing system like a computer. Mind is considered to receive, process, transform, store and retrieve information. Mind is dynamic and human beings actively construct their minds as they interact with the social and physical environment and interaction between adults and children.

Q4. Differentiate between, A psychologist and a psychiatrist.

1. Focus of Practice:

   • Psychologist: Primarily engaged in studying various aspects of human behavior and mental processes. They are involved in research and the development of theories based on observational and experimental data.
   • Psychiatrist: Concentrates on diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental health disorders. Psychiatrists deal with more severe or complex psychiatric conditions.

2. Role in Mental Health:

   • Psychologist: Their work is often centered around research in psychology, leading to the formulation of theories and principles derived from data. They also provide counseling and psychotherapy to help individuals deal with emotional and mental challenges.
   • Psychiatrist: Focuses on understanding the causes of mental disorders and their treatment. Psychiatrists are trained to assess both the mental and physical aspects of psychological problems.

3. Educational Background and Treatment Approaches:

   • Psychologist: Does not have a medical degree. They usually hold a doctoral degree in psychology (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) and are skilled in psychological testing, counseling, and psychotherapy.
   • Psychiatrist: Is a medical doctor (MD or DO) with specialized training in psychiatry. As medical physicians, psychiatrists can prescribe medication, and they may also provide psychotherapy or other treatments.