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A LETTER
TO GOD CLASS 10 SUMMARY
-by GL Fuentes
Lencho's Hope of Good Harvest
Lencho
was a farmer who lived on the crest (peak) of a low hill with his family. His
was the only house in the entire valley. His field was full of ripe corn and
easily visible from the house. He was eagerly waiting for a good rain to have a
good harvest so he could earn money for his family.
Turning of Lencho's
Hope into Despair
As
Lencho hoped, it started raining at the time of supper (dinner) which gave
Lencho a ray of hope. He was extremely delighted to see that. He compared the
raindrops with silver coins which shows his joy. But soon his joy turned into
despair as the rain changed into hailstones which ruined the crops. The field
had been covered with snow like a layer of white salt. Lencho was worried for
his family.
Lencho's Firm Belief in God
Though
Lencho was a poor farmer and had lost all his crops, he had firm faith in God.
He found in God his last hope and decided to write a letter to God for help. He
asked God to send him a hundred pesos so that he could sow his field again and
support his family until the new crops were harvested. He also wrote that if
God didn't help him, his family would die of hunger.
He told
the teacher that he should not spread the poison of social inequality and
communal intolerance in the minds of innocent children. The teacher accepted
his mistake.
The Postmaster's
Reaction to Lencho's Letter
After reading Lencho's letter to God, the
postmaster laughed but soon realised that Lencho had firm faith in God and his
belief should not be shaken. So, he decided to help Lencho with the help of his
post office employees. He collected seventy pesos and handed the envelope to
Lencho himself in which he also contributed a part of his salary.
Lencho Addresses the
Post Office Employees 'A Bunch of Crooks'
Lencho became angry when he saw seventy pesos in the envelope as he had demanded a hundred pesos. He did not believe that God could do such a mistake and send him less money. So, he decided to write a letter again for the rest of money. In this letter, he requested God not to send the rest of the money through the money order because he thought that the post office employees were a 'bunch of crooks' who might have stolen his money.
In the chapter – A Letter to God, we learnt that faith in God has the power to move mountains and satisfy our needs. However, it should also be noted that humanity also prevails in the midst of one’s faith in the Almighty. This story beautifully sketches Lencho’s deep faith in God and how the post office employees helped him anonymously by contributing money from their pockets to help the poor man in crisis
NCERT Solutions for chapter 1 of English class 10
Questions (Page No. 5-7)
(ORAL COMPREHENSION CHECK)
A Letter to god question answer
Question. 1 What did
Lencho hope for?
Answer: Lencho hoped for rains as the only
thing that his field of ripe corn needed was a shower.
Question. 2 Why did Lencho say the raindrops
were like ‘new coins’?
Answer: Lencho's crops were ready for harvest.
All it needed was a good downpour before harvesting. These fully grown crops
could be sold in the market for good money. That is why he compared the
raindrops to 'new coins'. The big drops were as good as receiving ten cent
pieces and the little ones five.
Question. 3 How did the
rain change? What happened to Lencho’s fields?
Answer: The rain was pouring down. But
suddenly, a strong wind began to blow and very large hailstones began to fall
along with the rain. The hail rained on the valley for an hour, because of
which Lencho’s fields were destroyed. There was not a single leaf left on the
trees and the flowers were gone from the plants. The corn was completely
destroyed.
Question. 4 What were Lencho’s feelings when
the hail stopped?
Answer: When the hail stopped, Lencho’s soul
was filled with sadness. He looked around at his fields and said that even a
plague of locusts would have left more than what was left after the hailstorm.
He said that they would have no corn that year and they would go hungry. He was
full of sorrow.
Question. 5 Who or what did Lencho have faith
in? What did he do?
Answer: Lencho had faith in God. He had been
instructed that God’s eyes see everything, even what is deep in one’s
conscience. Therefore, he wrote a letter to God expressing his need for a
hundred pesos so that he could sow his field again and live until the crop grew
again.
Question. 6 Who read the letter?
Answer: When the postman saw that the letter
was addressed to God, he laughed and took the letter to the postmaster, who
then read it.
Question. 7 What did the postmaster do then?
Answer: In order to keep the writer’s faith in
God alive, the postmaster decided to answer the letter. When he read that
Lencho needed hundred pesos, he asked for money from his employees. He himself
gave a part of his salary. He could not gather the entire amount, but managed
to send Lencho a little more than half the amount. He put the money in an
envelope addressed to Lencho and signed it ‘God’.
Question. 8 Was Lencho surprised to find a
letter for him with money in it?
Answer: No, Lencho was not at all surprised to
see the letter from God with money inside it. His confidence and faith in God
was such that he had expected that reply from God.
Question. 9 What made him angry?
Answer: Lencho got angry when he counted the
money. There were only seventy pesos in the envelope. He was confident that God
could neither make a mistake nor deny him what he had requested. Therefore, he
concluded that the post office employees must have taken the remaining thirty
pesos.
Questions (Page No. 7-8)
(THINKING
ABOUT THE TEXT)
Question. 1 Who does Lencho have complete
faith in? Which sentences in the story tell you this?
Answer: Lencho had complete faith in God. The
sentences in the story that show this are as follows:
· But in the hearts of all who lived in that
solitary house in the middle of the valley, there was a single hope: help from
God.
· All through the night, Lencho thought only of
his one hope: the help of God, whose eyes, as he had been instructed, see
everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience.
· “God,” he wrote, “if you don’t help me, my
family and I will go hungry this year.”
· He wrote ‘To God’ on the envelope, put the
letter inside and, still troubled, and went to town.
· God could not have made a mistake, nor could
he have denied Lencho what he had requested.
· It said: ''God: of the money that I asked for,
only seventy pesos reached me. Send me the rest, since I need it very much.''
Question. 2 Why does the postmaster send money
to Lencho? Why does he sign the letter ‘God’?
Answer: The postmaster sent money to Lencho in
order to keep Lencho’s faith in God alive. He turned serious when he read Lencho’s
letter and wished he had the same faith in God. Even after he saw that Lencho
had requested for money, he stuck to his resolution of answering the letter. He
gathered as much money as he could and sent it to Lencho. He signed it ‘God’ so
that Lencho’s faith would not get shaken.
Question. 3 Did Lencho try to find out who had
sent the money to him? Why/Why not?
Answer: No, Lencho does not try to find out
who had sent the money to him. This is because he never suspected that it could
be anybody else other than God who would send him the money. His faith in God
was so strong that he believed that God had sent him the money.
Question. 4 Who does Lencho think has taken
the rest of the money? What is the irony in the situation? (Remember that the
irony of a situation is an unexpected aspect of it. An ironic situation is
strange or amusing because it is the opposite of what is expected).
Answer: Lencho thought that the post office
employees had taken the rest of the money. The irony of the situation was that
the employees whom he called a “bunch of crooks” and suspected of taking some
of the money were the same people who had contributed and sent him the money in
the first place.
Question. 5 Are there people like Lencho in
the real world? What kind of a person would you say he is? You may select
appropriate words from the box to answer the question.
(greedy naive stupid ungrateful selfish
comical unquestioning)
Answer: There might be a few people like
Lencho in the real world. He is an unquestioning, naïve kind of a person.
Question. 6 There are two kinds of conflict in
the story: between humans and nature, and between humans themselves. How are
these conflicts illustrated?
Answer: The conflict between humans and nature
is illustrated by the destruction of Lencho’s crops by the hailstorm. Lencho
had worked really hard on his fields and the harvest was really important for
him. He required the money to feed his family. However, the nature turned
violent. The rains were accompanied by a hailstorm, which destroyed the crops.
The story also illustrates another conflict, between humans themselves. The
postmaster, along with the help of the other post office employees, sent Lencho
the money that they could manage to collect. They were not related to Lencho in
any manner. It was an act of kindness and selflessness on their part. Even
though they did a good deed, Lencho blamed them for taking away some amount of
money. He called them “a bunch of crooks”. This shows that man does not have
faith in his fellow humans, thereby giving rise to this conflict.
Questions (Page No. 8-11)
(THINKING
ABOUT LANGUAGE)
Question. 1 Look at the following sentence
from the story.
Suddenly a strong wind began to blow and along
with the rain very large hailstones began to fall.
‘Hailstones’ are small balls of ice that fall
like rain. A storm in which hailstones fall is a ‘hailstorm’. You know that a
storm is bad weather with strong winds, rain, thunder and lightning.
There are different names in
different parts of the world for storms, depending on their nature. Can you
match the names in the box with their descriptions below, and fill in the
blanks? You may use a dictionary to help you.
(gale, whirlwind, cyclone, hurricane, tornado,
typhoon)
1. A violent tropical storm in which strong winds
move in a circle: __ __ c __ __ __ __
2. An extremely strong wind : __ a __ __
3. A violent tropical storm with very strong
winds : __ __ p __ __ __ __
4. A violent storm whose centre is a cloud in the
shape of a funnel: __ __ __ n __ __ __
5. A violent storm with very strong winds,
especially in the western Atlantic Ocean: __ __ r __ __ __ __ __ __
6. A very strong wind that moves very fast in a
spinning movement and causes a lot of damage: __ __ __ __ l __ __ __ __
Answer:
1. A violent tropical storm in which strong winds
move in a circle Cyclone.
2. An extremely strong wind gale.
3. A violent tropical storm with very strong
winds typhoon.
4. A violent storm whose centre is a cloud in the
shape of a funnel tornado.
5. A violent storm with very strong winds,
especially in the western Atlantic Ocean hurricane.
6. A very strong wind that moves very fast in a
spinning movement and causes a lot of damage whirlwind.
Question. 2 Notice how the word ‘hope’ is used
in these sentences from the story:
I hope it (the hailstorm) passes quickly.
There was a single hope: help from God.
In the first example, ‘hope’ is a verb which
means you wish for something to happen. In the second example it is a noun
meaning a chance for something to happen.
Match the sentences in Column A with the meanings
of ‘hope’ in Column B.
A |
B |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 |
Will you get the
subjects you want to study in college? I hope so. |
1 |
A feeling that
something good will probably happen. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 |
I hope you don’t
mind my saying this, but I don’t like the way you are arguing. |
2 |
Thinking that this
would happen (It may or may not have happened.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
This discovery will
give new hope to HIV/AIDS sufferers. |
3 |
Stopped believing
that this good thing would happen. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 |
We were hoping
against hope that the judges would not notice our mistakes. |
4 |
Wanting something to
happen (and thinking it quite possible). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 |
I called early in
the hope of speaking to her before she went to school. |
5 |
Showing concern that
what you say should not offend or disturb the other person: a way of being
polite. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 |
Just when everybody
had given up hope, the fishermen came back, seven days after the cyclone. |
6 |
Wishing for
something to happen, although this is very unlikely. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Answer:
|
Question. 3 Relative Clauses
Look at these sentences
a. All morning Lencho — who knew his fields
intimately — looked at the sky.
b. The woman, who was preparing supper, replied,
“Yes, God willing.’’
The italicised parts of the sentences give us
more information about Lencho and the woman. We call them relative clauses.
Notice that they begin with a relative pronoun who. Other common relative
pronouns are whom, whose, and which.
The relative clauses in (a) and (b) above are
called non-defining, because we already know the identity of the person they
describe. Lencho is a particular person, and there is a particular woman he
speaks to. We don’t need the information in the relative clause to pick these
people out from a larger set.
A non-defining relative clause usually has a
comma in front of it and a comma after it (some writers use a dash (—) instead,
as in the story). If the relative clause comes at the end, we just put a full
stop.
Join the sentences given below using who,
whom, whose, which, as suggested.
1. I often go to Mumbai. Mumbai is the commercial
capital of India. (which)
2. My mother is going to host a TV show on
cooking. She cooks very well. (who)
3. These sportspersons are going to meet the
President. Their performance has been excellent. (whose)
4. Lencho prayed to God. His eyes see into our
minds. (whose)
5. This man cheated me. I trusted him. (whom)
Answer:
1. I often go to Mumbai, which is the commercial
capital of India.
2. My mother, who cooks very well, is going to
host a TV show on cooking.
3. These sportspersons, whose performance has
been excellent, are going to meet the President.
4. Lencho prayed to God, whose eyes see into our
minds.
5. This man cheated me. I trusted him. (whom)
Question. 4 Using Negatives for Emphasis
We know that sentences with words such as no,
not or nothing show the absence of something, or contradict something. For
example:
a. This year we will have no corn. (Corn will be
absent)
b. The hail has left nothing. (Absence of a crop)
c. These aren’t raindrops falling from the sky,
they are new coins. (Contradicts the common idea of what the drops of water
falling from the sky are)
But sometims negative words are used just to
emphasise an idea. Look at these sentences from the story:
d. Lencho…had done nothing else but see the sky
towards the northeast. (He had done only this)
e. The man went out for no other reason than to
have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body. (He had only this reason)
f. Lencho showed not the slightest surprise on
seeing the money. (He showed no surprise at all)
Now look back at example (c). Notice that the
contradiction in fact serves to emphasise the value or usefulness of the rain
to the farmer.
Find sentences in the story with negative
words, which express the following ideas emphatically.
1. The trees lost all their leaves.
2. The letter was addressed to God himself.
3. The postman saw this address for the first
time in his career.
Answer:
1. Not a leaf remained on the trees.
2. It was nothing less than a letter to God.
3. Never in his career as a postman had he known
that address.
Question. 5 Metaphors:
The word metaphor comes from a Greek word
meaning ‘transfer’. Metaphors compare two things or ideas: a quality or feature
of one thing is transferred to another thing. Some common metaphors are .
The leg of the table: The leg supports our
body. So the object that supports a table is described as a leg.
The heart of the city: The heart is an
important organ in the centre of our body. So this word is used to describe the
central area of a city.
In pairs, find metaphors from the story to
complete the table below. Try to say what qualities are being compared. One
has been done for you.
|
Answer:
Object |
Metaphor |
Quality or Feature Compared |
Cloud |
Huge mountains of clouds |
The mass or ‘hugeness’ of mountains |
Raindrops |
A curtain of rain |
The draping or covering of an area by a
curtain |
Hailstones |
The frozen pearts |
The resemblance in colour and hardness ofa
pearl |
Locusts |
A plague of locusts |
The consequences (desteuction) of plague |
Locusts |
A plague of locusts |
An epidemic (a disease) that spreads very
rapidly and leaves many people dead |
Man |
An ox of a man |
The working of an ox in the fields (hard
work)= |