Venturing into the world of nationalism, especially in Class 11, opens up a tapestry of insights about nationhood and identity. Are you on a quest for detailed nationalism class 11 questions and answers? Or perhaps you're trying to fathom the core of what is nationalism in Class 11? WitKnowLearn is here to illuminate your path. In Class 11, students are introduced to the intricate dance of nationalism, helping them discern the ties that bind people together under one flag, one sentiment. As you navigate the curriculum, you'll also encounter intriguing topics like the two elements of nationalism, which provide deeper clarity into the layers that make up national pride.
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Q1. What do you understand by the right
to national self-determination? How has this idea resulted in both formation of
and
challenges to nation-states?
Ans: Right of self-determination implies
that every nation in the world should enjoy a right to determine its destiny in
all
walks of life without any due
interference from any other state.
The basic right implies that each
state has a right to exist independently without inference from other states
and
sovereignty of the state would be
respected by all.
Every state exercises the right to
preserve what it considers worth-preserving. Each tradition has some historical
background and represents the soul
of the nation.
To enjoy these rights, we may conclude the following reasons:
1. These rights are essential for
the coexistence of a democracy in action.
2. This right promotes national
unity among the various states which belong to different races, castes,
religion and
cultures.
3. This right guarantees that
minorities should not be absorbed in the majority whereas they should also be
given the
right to determine their culture and
civilization along with majority communities.
4. This right provided more national
security because the majority and minority both enjoy the right to determine
their
own affairs in the way they lined.
But the right of self-determination results in the following challenges.
1. It may hinder the smooth
functioning of administration in multi-national states like India, USSR because
each section
makes efforts to find out one’s own
way.
2. Sometimes, this right finds it
difficult to frame a public opinion for the success of democracy because
everyone
would develop its own identity only.
The right of self-determination resulted:
Disintegration of states, i.e.
Russia, Austria, Hungary.
Resulted in the unification of
states like Germany and Italy.
Resulted in the formation of states
like Czechoslovakia and Finland.
Hence, it can be concluded that the
right of self-determination can be also used for both purpose of national
integration and disintegration.
Q2. Illustrate with suitable examples
the factors that lead to the emergence of nationalist feelings.
Ans: The factors that lead to the
emergence of nationalist feelings are:
Shared beliefs: This refers to the collective
identity and vision for the future of a group that aspires to have an
independent political existence.
The citizens of a nation-state share
common beliefs irrespective of ethnic or religious differences.
For example, every citizen of India
wants the national hockey team to become world champion.
Common history: The citizens of a nation-state share
a common history.
It perceives them as stretching back
into the past as well as reaching into the future.
For example, Indians share a common
history of nationalist movement and have the same vision for their future.
Common territory: It shares a common land or territory
on which the people have been living for a long period of time.
Thus, territory is an important
component of unity.
For example, Indians identify
themselves with the distinctive geographical features of the Indian
subcontinent.
Shared political ideals: Citizens of a
nation-state share a vision of the kind of state they want to build.
They share same political ideas,
they share commitment to a set of political ideas and are bound by a set of
obligations
legitimatised by the law of the
state.
For example, the Constitution of
India that is representative of the collective will of the people has adopted
democracy
and secularism, among other ideals,
as its goals.
Common political identity: The citizens
share a common political identity irrespective of their religious, linguistic
groups.
For example, a Sikh from Punjab, a
Muslim from Uttar Pradesh and a Hindu from Karnataka share a common political
identity of being Indian irrespective of their different religious and linguistic groups.
Q3. How is a democracy more effective
than authoritarian governments in dealing with conflicting nationalist
aspirations?
Ans: Democratic government is more
effective than authoritarian government in dealing with conflicting nationalist
aspirations.
1. A democracy is the most
acceptable form of government in the world. Authoritarian types of government
are not
liked and accepted nowadays.
7: Nationalism
Standard: 11th Arts / Humanities Subject: Political
Science
2. In a democracy, it is shared
commitment to a set of political values and ideals that is the most desirable
basis of a
political community or a nation
state. Within it, members of political community are bound by a set of
obligations.
These obligations arise from the
recognition of the rights of each other as citizens.
3. A nation is strengthened when its
people acknowledge and accept their obligations to their fellow members. It is
more easily possible in a democracy
than in an authoritarian government. We might even say that recognisation of
democratic framework government provide
enough chances and more favourable atmosphere that in an
authoritarian government. Mutual respect and cooperation is the strongest test of loyalty to the nation.
Q4. “We have seen that nationalism can
unite people as well as divide them, liberate them as well generate bitterness
and
conflict”. Illustrate your answer
with examples.
Neither descent, nor language, nor
religion or ethnicity can claim to be a common factor in nationalisms all over
the
world. Comment.
Ans: Nationalism unites people into a bond
on the basis of same territory, shared beliefs, common history, shared
political ideals, common political
identity and aspirations.
The idea of nationalism can liberate
people from the bond of various smaller groups to a wider and common
group of nation where they share
common interests and goals.
It can also divide the people as
every lingual or cultural group could demand for a separate nation-state.
It can generate bitterness and
conflict as demands for separate nation state by smaller groups often leads to
conflict. Such situations are at the
root of many ongoing conflicts in the world
Neither descent, nor language, nor
religion or ethnicity can claim to be a common factor in nationalisms all over
the world as there is no common set
of characteristics that is present in every nation. It is very difficult for
every
lingual, religious and ethnic group
to become politically and economically viable. This also leads to several
problems for those groups that are
in minority.
Therefore, no nation-state can stand only on the factor of religion or ethnicity.
Q5. How is a nation different from other
forms of collective belonging?
Ans: Nation is, to a great extent, an ‘imagined
community’ held together by the collective beliefs, aspirations and
imaginations of its members. It is
based on certain assumptions like shared beliefs, common history, common
territory,
shared political ideals and common
political identity that people construct about the collective whole with which
they
identify themselves. Unlike family its
members are not linked with face-to-face relation. It is different from clans
and
other kinship groups as it is not
based common descent. It is different from any lingual group as it is not based
on a
common language nor is it like a religious group as it does not share any common religion.
Q6. What do you think are the
limitations of nationalism?
Ans: The limitations of nationalism can be cited as:
Most nationalist ideals are
representative of the goals of a single cultural group. Thus, they fail to incorporate
the
broader vision of inclusiveness.
Since it is not possible for every
cultural group to create its own nation-state therefore every nation-state
state has
more than one cultural group.
The different cultural groups often
get involved in conflicts due to their separate nationalist aspirations and the
principle of exclusivity based upon
a desire for homogenous identity.
The role of nationalism in a
globalised world is yet to be completely evaluated as nationalist tendencies
acquire a
different meaning in an
inter-connected world.
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