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CHAPTER 2: THE SOUND OF MUSIC
THE SOUND
OF MUSIC
Summary
PART- I
Evelyn
Glennie Listens to Sound Without Hearing it
-by Deborah Cowley
Evelyn Lost her Hearing at a Young Age
This
part is about a Scottish girl named Evelyn. She was very fond of music and
wanted to make it her life slowly. Evelyn's lost her sense of hearing. It was
first noticed when she was eight years old. By eleven year, she was completely
deaf due to nerve damage.
Evelyn didn't Give up Hope and Never
Looked Back
She was
determined to lead a normal life and pursue her interest in music. One day, she
noticed a girl playing a xylophone and decided that she wanted to play it too.
Most of the teachers discouraged her but percussionist (a person who plays
tabla or drum) Ron Forbes encouraged her. He began by tuning two large drums to
different notes. Evelyn could feel the different notes of the drum in her body.
The rest
was sheer determination and hard work. She travelled the United Kingdom with a
youth orchestra and by the time she was sixteen, she had decided to make music
her life. She auditioned for the Royal Academy of Music and scored one of the
highest marks in the history of the academy. She gradually left the orchestral
work and started giving solo performances. At the end of her three year course,
she had received most of the top awards.
Evelyn Senses Music
She
explains that music flows through every part of her body. It tingles in the
skin, her cheekbones and even in her hair. When she plays the xylophone, she
can sense the sound passing up the stick into her fingertips.
By
leaning against the drums, she can feel the resonances (sounds) flowing into
her body. On a wooden platform, she removes her shoes so that the vibrations
pass through her bare feet and up her legs.
Evelyn: An Inspiration
Evelyn is a perfect example that disability can not stop a person to achieve if he/she is determined and works hard towards it. Evelyn earned many awards and rewards. She has given enormous pleasure to millions.
PART- II
The Shehnai
of Bismillah Khan
Pungi was Banned and then Revived
Emperor
Aurangzeb had banned the playing of a musical instrument called pungi in the
royal residence, as it had a shrill and unpleasant sound. A barber of a family
of professional musicians decided to improve the tonal quality of the pungi. He
played the improved instrument before royalty and everyone was impressed. The
instrument had to be given a new name. As the story goes, since it was first
played in the Shah's chambers and was played by a nai (barber), the instrument
was named the 'shehnai'.
Ustad Bismillah Khan Brought Shehnai to
the Classical Stage
The
sound of the shehnai began to be considered auspicious. And for this reason, it
is still played in temples and is an indispensable component (important part)
of any North Indian wedding. In the past, the shehnai was part of the naubat or
traditional ensemble (group) of nine instruments found at royal courts. The
credit for bringing this instrument onto the classical stage goes to Ustad
Bismillah Khan.
Music was in Bismillah Khan's Blood
Bismillah
belongs to a well-known family of musicians from Bihar. His grandfather, father
and other paternal ancestors were also great shehnai players.
Bismillah
was fascinated at watching his uncles practise the shehnai. He started
accompanying his uncle Ali Bux and slowly, he started getting lessons in
playing the instrument and would sit practising throughout the day. The flowing
waters of the Ganga inspired him to put together and create ragas that were
earlier considered to be beyond that range of the shehnai.
The Bright Future of
Bismillah Khan
With the
opening of the All-India Radio in Lucknow in 1938 came Bismillah's big break.
He soon became an often-heard shehnai player on radio. When India gained
independence on 15th August 1947, Bismillah Khan became the first Indian to
greet the nation with his shehnai.
Film
director Vijay Bhatt was so impressed after hearing him play at a festival that
he named a film after the instrument called 'Gunj Uthi Shehnai'.
A Renowned Musician and
a True Indian
Bismillah
Khan became the first Indian to be invited to perform at the prestigious
Lincoln Centre Hall in the United States of America. National awards like the
Padmashri, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Vibhushan were conferred on him.
In 2001,
Ustad Bismillah Khan was awarded India's highest civilian award, the Bharat
Ratna. Despite travelling to many countries, he was exceedingly fond of Benaras
and Dumraon and they remain for him the most wonderful towns of the world.
He even
refused a position in America saying that he cannot find the Ganga there.
Whenever, he was travelling abroad his heart kept aching for his homeland.
Conclusion of The Sound
of Music
In the
chapter – The Sound of Music illustrates how music binds people and is not
limited to one person only. Music is a universal language that is loved and
adored by people of different caste, creed, colour or race.
NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 9TH BEEHIVE CHAPTER 2
Questions (Page No. 20)
(Thinking about the Text – I)
Answer these questions in a few words or a couple
of sentences each.
Question 1. How old was Evelyn when she went to the
Royal Academy of Music?
Answer: Evelyn was sixteen years old when she
went to the Royal Academy of Music.
Question 2. When was her deafness first noticed?
When was it confirmed?
Answer: Her deafness was first noticed when
she was just eight years old. It was confirmed by the time she was eleven.
Answer each of
these questions in a short paragraph (30–40 words).
Question 1. Who helped her to continue with
music? What did he do and say?
Answer: Ron Forbes who was a percussionist,
helped her to continue with music. He asked Evelyn not to listen through ears
but to try to sense it some other way.
Question 2. Name the various places and causes
for which Evelyn performs.
Answer: Apart from the regular concerts,
Evelyn performs in prisons and hospitals. She also takes classes for young
musicians.
Answer the question in two or three paragraphs
(100–150 words).
Question 1. How does Evelyn hear music?
Answer: Evelyn hears music through different
parts of her body. Ron Forbes asked her to try to sense the music some other
way instead of ears. He started by tuning two big drums to varied notes.
Evelyn realized that she could feel the higher drum
from her waist up and the lower drum from her waist down. Forbes kept repeating
the same exercise and then Evelyn realized that she can sense certain notes in
different parts of her body.
She says that when she plays the xylophone, she
could feel the music passing up the stick into her fingertips. When she leans
against the drums, she could sense the resonances flowing into her body. When
she performs on a wooden platform, she removes her footwear so that the
vibrations pass through her bare feet and up her legs.
Questions (Page No. 25-26)
(Thinking about the Text – II)
The Shehnai of Bismillah Khan
I. Tick the right answer.
a. The (shehnai, pungi ) was a ‘reeded noisemaker.’
b. (Bismillah Khan, A barber, Ali Bux) transformed the
pungi into a shehnai.
c. Bismillah Khan’s paternal ancestors were (barbers,
professional musicians).
d. Bismillah Khan learnt to play the shehnai from (Ali
Bux, Paigambar Bux, Ustad Faiyaaz Khan).
e. Bismillah Khan’s first trip abroad was to
(Afghanistan, U.S.A., Canada).
Answer:
a. The pungi was a ‘reeded noisemaker.’
b. A barber transformed the pungi into a shehnai.
c. Bismillah Khan’s paternal ancestors were
professional musicians.
d. Bismillah Khan learnt to play the shehnai from Ali
Bux.
e. Bismillah Khan’s first trip abroad was to Afghanistan.
II. Find the words in the text which show
Ustad Bismillah Khan’s feelings about the items listed below. Then mark a tick
in the correct column. Discuss your answers in class.
Bismillah Khan’s
feelings about |
Positive |
Negative |
Neutral |
1. teaching children
music |
|||
2. the film world |
|||
3. migrating to the
U.S.A. |
|||
4. playing at temples |
|||
5. getting the Bharat
Ratna |
|||
6. the banks of the
Ganga |
|||
7. leaving Benaras and
Dumraon |
Answer:
Bismillah Khan’s
feelings about |
Positive |
Negative |
Neutral |
1. teaching children
music |
✓ |
||
2. the film world |
✓ |
||
3. migrating to the
U.S.A. |
✓ |
||
4. playing at temples |
✓ |
||
5. getting the Bharat
Ratna |
✓ |
||
6. the banks of the
Ganga |
✓ |
||
7. leaving Benaras and
Dumraon |
✓ |
Answer these questions in 30–40 words.
Question 1. Why did Aurangzeb ban the playing
of the pungi?
Answer: Aurangzeb banned the playing of the
pungi because of the shrill unpleasant sound of the instrument.
Question 2. How is a shehnai different from a
pungi?
Answer: A shehnai’s stem is hollow, longer and
broader than that of a pungi. Shehnai has holes in its body.
Question 3. Where was the shehnai played
traditionally? How did Bismillah Khan change this?
Answer: Traditionally, shehnai was a part of
the naubat or traditional ensemble of nine instruments found at royal courts.
It was played in temples and at marriages.
Bismillah Khan took it onto the classical stage.
Question 4. When and how did Bismillah Khan
get his big break?
Answer: Bismillah Khan got his big break with
the opening of All India Radio in Lucknow in 1938. He became an often-heard
shehnai player on radio.
Question 5. Where did Bismillah Khan play the
shehnai on 15 August 1947? Why was the event historic?
Answer: Bismillah Khan played the shehnai from
the Red Fort on 15th August 1947. He was the first Indian to greet the
nation with his Shehnai. The event was historic because that is the day when
India got independence. Bismillah Khan played Raag Kafi to an audience that
included Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
Question 6. Why did Bismillah Khan refuse to
start a shehnai school in the U.S.A.?
Answer: Bismillah Khan refused to start a
shehnai school in the U.S.A because he did not want to leave his country. He
felt an unbreakable bond with his towns- Dumraon and Benaras, and with River
Ganga.
Question 7. Find at least two instances in the
text which tell you that Bismillah Khan loves India and Benaras.
Answer: Two instances in the text which tell
us that Bismillah Khan loves India and Benaras are:
·
He says that
whenever he is in a foreign country, he keeps yearning to see Hindustan.
·
He also says that
when he is in Mumbai, he thinks of only Benaras and the holy Ganga.
Questions (Page No. 26-28)
(Thinking about Language)
Question 1. Look at these sentences.
·
Evelyn was
determined to live a normal life.
·
Evelyn managed to
conceal her growing deafness from friends and teachers.
The italicised parts answer the questions: “What
was Evelyn determined to do?” and “What did Evelyn manage to do?” They begin
with a to-verb (to live, to conceal).
Complete the following sentences.
Beginning with a to-verb, try to answer the
questions in brackets.
a. The school sports team hopes (What does it hope to
do?)
b. We all want (What do we all want to do?)
c. They advised the hearing-impaired child’s mother
(What did they advise her to do?)
d. The authorities permitted us to (What did the
authorities permit us to do?)
e. A musician decided to (What did the musician decide
to do?)
Answer:
a. The school sports team hopes to win the
competition.
b. We all want to succeed in our lives.
c. They advised the hearing-impaired child’s mother to
take care of the child.
d. The authorities permitted us to perform the dance
in the stadium.
e. A musician decided to play the music in front of
the audience.
Question 2. From the text on Bismillah Khan, find
the words and phrases that match these definitions and write them down. The
number of the paragraph where you will find the words/phrases has been given
for you in brackets.
a. the home of royal people (1) ________
b. the state of being alone (5) ________
c. a part which is absolutely necessary (2) ________
d. to do something not done before (5) ________
e. without much effort (13) ________
f. quickly and in large quantities (9) ________ and
________
Answer:
a. the home of royal people (1) royal
residence
b. the state of being alone (5) solitude
c. a part which is absolutely necessary (2) indispensable
d. to do something not done before (5) invent
e. without much effort (13) effortlessly
f. quickly and in large quantities (9) thick and fast
Question 3. Tick the right answer.
a. When something is revived, it (remains dead/lives
again).
b. When a government bans something, it wants it
(stopped/started).
c. When something is considered auspicious, (welcome
it/avoid it).
d. When we take to something, we find it
(boring/interesting).
e. When you appreciate something, you (find it good
and useful/find it of no use).
f. When you replicate something, you do it (for the
first time/for the second time).
g. When we come to terms with something, it is (still
upsetting/no longer upsetting).
Answer:
a. When something is revived, it lives again.
b. When a government bans something, it wants it
stopped.
c. When something is considered auspicious, welcome
it.
d. When we take to something, we find it interesting.
e. When you appreciate something, you find it good and
useful.
f. When you replicate something, you do it for the
second time.
g. When we come to terms with something, it is no
longer upsetting.
Question 4. Dictionary work
·
The sound of the
shehnai is auspicious.
·
The auspicious
sound of the shehnai is usually heard at marriages.
The adjective auspicious can occur after the verb
be as in the first sentence, or before a noun as in the second. But there are
some adjectives which can be used after the verb be and not before a noun. For
example:
·
Ustad Faiyaz Khan
was overjoyed.
We cannot say: *the overjoyed man.
Consult your dictionary and complete the following
table. The first one has been done for you.
adjective |
Only before noun |
Not before noun |
Both before and after the verb ‘be’ |
Indispensable |
✓ |
||
Impressed |
|||
Afraid |
|||
Outdoor |
|||
Paternal |
|||
Countless |
|||
Priceless |
Answer:
adjective |
Only before noun |
Not before noun |
Both before and after the verb ‘be’ |
Indispensable |
✓ |
||
Impressed |
✓ |
✓ |
|
Afraid |
✓ |
✓ |
|
Outdoor |
✓ |
||
Paternal |
✓ |
||
Countless |
✓ |
||
Priceless |
✓ |
✓ |
Indispensable: Electronic gadgets have become
indispensable to modern life.
Impressed: He was impressed by his friend’s speech.
Afraid: Raghav is afraid of dark.
Outdoor: Outdoor games are necessary for keeping
yourself healthy.
Paternal: My paternal uncle lives in Mumbai.
Countless: There are countless stars in the sky.
Priceless: Children’s smiles are priceless.
Questions (Page No. 28-29)
(Speaking)
Question 1. Imagine the famous singer Kishori
Amonkar is going to visit your school. You have been asked to introduce her to
the audience before her performance. How would you introduce her?
Answer: Do it yourself.
Question 2. Use your notes on Kishori Amonkar to
introduce her to an imaginary audience.
You may use one of the following phrases to
introduce a guest:
I am honoured to introduce…/I feel privileged to
introduce…/We welcome you…
Answer: I am honoured to introduce you to the
finest female vocalist of her generation, Kishori Amonkar. She is a Padma
Bhushan awardee who was born in 1931 to another great artist Smt. Mogubai
Kurdikar. She is a singer besotted by the mysterious world of the raagas. She
dissects them until the most subtle of shades emerge and re-emerge. She is
highly inspired by the teachings of the Vedic sages. She has been bestowed with
several significant awards – Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1985), the Padma Bhushan
(1987), and one of the most prestigious awards in Indian Classical Music-
Sangeet Samradhini Award (1997).
Questions (Page No. 29)
(Writing)
Question 1. “If you work hard and know where you’re
going, you’ll get there,” says Evelyn Glennie.
You have now read about two musicians, Evelyn
Glennie and Ustad Bismillah Khan. Do you think that they both worked hard?
Where did they want to ‘go’?
Answer these questions in two paragraphs, one on
each of the two musicians.
Answer: Yes, they both worked extremely hard. They
wanted to pursue music as their career and achieve heights.
Evelyn Glennie is an inspiration to everyone. She
grew profoundly deaf by the time she was eleven years old. But, she did not let
the disability to listen become a hurdle in pursuing her career in music. She
auditioned in Royal Academy of Music in London when she was not even seventeen
years old and scored one of the highest marks in the history of the academy. In
a field like music that’s entirely linked to listening, she began to sense
music through different parts of her body. She brought percussion to the front
of the orchestra. She was awarded with the Royal Philharmonic Society’s Soloist
of the Year Award in the year 1991. She inspires people with her life and
optimism.
Ustad Bismillah Khan belonged to a family of
professional musicians. Shehnai was being used in temples and at marriages, but
the credit of bringing the shehnai onto the classical stage goes to Ustad
Bismillah Khan. He took to music in early years of his life. At the age of
three, he was quite fascinated watching his uncles playing the shehnai. On the
day of independence of India, he was the first Indian to greet the nation with
his shehnai. He was strongly bonded to Benaras and the holy Ganga. He was awarded
India’s highest civilian award- Bharat Ratna.