This guide supports the Fair Share Class 3 maths worksheet on this page. It covers Class 3 Maths Chapter 8 from the NCERT Maths Mela book, which is part of the latest NCERT syllabus for CBSE schools. Topics include equal sharing, fair share, halves, quarters, three quarters, double and half, fractions of shapes and fractions of groups. Use it with the printable Fair Share worksheets for Class 3, the Fair Share Class 3 quiz and the 15 Fair Share Class 3 activities above.

Introduction to NCERT Class 3 Maths Chapter 8 Fair Share

Book: Maths Mela, the NCERT Mathematics textbook for Class 3 (Grade 3). Chapter: 8, Fair Share. Board: CBSE and other schools that follow NCERT. This chapter introduces the idea of fractions through sharing. Two friends share a chocolate and a paratha. Children find out that a fair share means equal parts. They learn halves and quarters, how to see them in shapes, how to complete a whole from a part, and how half and double are related.

What is there in the chapter?

• Sharing a chocolate and a paratha equally, and checking that two pieces are equal by folding
• Half as the share when one whole is shared equally between 2 people, and 2 halves making one whole
• Colouring half of shapes, drawing a line to show half, and completing a whole from its other half
• Different ways of making a half by folding a rectangle and a square of paper
• A discussion on whether sharing a mango tree, a lamp and a blanket is fair
• Sharing mangoes equally between two children
• Half and double with marbles, such as 3 is half of 6 and 6 is double of 3
• Clues using less than double and more than half to find a number
• Quarter as the share when one whole is shared equally among 4 people, and 4 quarters making one whole
• Choosing half or a quarter for birds and flowers, and comparing them with double
• One quarter, 2 quarters, 3 quarters and 4 quarters, and colouring them in shapes
• Making a whole with fraction cards

NCERT Class 3 learning objectives for this chapter

These objectives are written from the content of the chapter. They are not copied from the book.

• To understand that fair sharing means making equal parts
• To check whether parts are equal by folding or by comparing
• To understand half as one of 2 equal parts and quarter as one of 4 equal parts
• To know that 2 halves or 4 quarters make one whole
• To show halves, quarters and three quarters in shapes and groups
• To find half and double of numbers and use these words in sentences
• To complete a whole when only a part is given
• To say fractions precisely as one half and one quarter

Learning outcomes

After this chapter and the practice on this page a Class 3 child should be able to:

• tell whether a shape is cut into equal parts
• colour one half, one quarter, two quarters or three quarters of a shape
• say that 2 quarters are the same as one half
• find half and a quarter of a small group, such as half of 12 or a quarter of 8
• find the double and the half of a number
• solve a clue such as less than double of 3 and more than half of 8
• draw the missing parts to complete a whole
• use the words half, quarter, three quarters and whole correctly

Fair Share Class 3 resources on this page

• Fair Share Class 3 worksheet: a printable NCERT style worksheet on halves, quarters, double and half.
• Fair Share Class 3 quiz: a free 20-question online quiz with easy, average and thinking questions, picture questions and instant marks with a reason for every answer.
• Fair Share Class 3 activities: 15 free online activities, made of 5 games, 5 workshops and 5 challenges, with marks and a comment after the challenges.
• Practice sheet: 16 questions you can type and check, with a Show answers button.

What is Class 3 Maths Chapter 8 Fair Share?

Chapter 8 of the NCERT Class 3 Maths book Maths Mela is called Fair Share. It is the first look at fractions. Children already know how to share objects among people. Here they learn that for a share to be fair, the parts must be equal. They then give names to the equal parts: a half and a quarter.

Equal parts and fair sharing

When two friends share a paratha, each should get a piece of the same size. One way to check is to fold the paratha over itself. If the two sides fit exactly on top of each other, the pieces are equal. If one piece is bigger, the sharing is not fair. Sharing is also about fairness of value. Dividing a mango tree, a lamp and a blanket by splitting the time of use may or may not feel fair, so children discuss other ways to share fairly.

Half

When one whole is shared equally between 2 people, each share is called a half. Two halves make one whole. A half can be shown in many ways. A rectangle of paper can be folded in half from top to bottom or from side to side, and a square can also be folded along a diagonal. The parts look different but each is half of the whole. The chapter asks teachers to say one half and not 1 out of 2.

Half and double

Half and double are opposites. 3 is half of 6 and 6 is double of 3. 4 marbles are half of 8 marbles and 8 marbles are double of 4. The chapter gives clues such as: I have less than the double of 3 marbles and more than the half of 8 marbles. Double of 3 is 6 and half of 8 is 4, so the number is 5. A number line helps to see how far a number is from a double or a half.

Quarter

When one whole is shared equally among 4 people, each share is called a quarter. 4 quarters make one whole. A quarter is half of a half. Children may also say one fourth. A quarter can be shown in different ways by folding paper. Whatever way is used, the 4 parts must be equal. The teacher's note says to say one quarter and not 1 out of 4.

One quarter, 2 quarters, 3 quarters and 4 quarters

1 quarter is one of the 4 equal parts. 2 quarters make one half. 3 quarters are 3 of the 4 equal parts, so one quarter is missing. 4 quarters make the complete whole. Children colour shapes to show these fractions, tick the shapes that show three quarters, and draw the remaining quarters to finish a whole.

Half or quarter of a group

A whole can also be a group, such as 16 flowers or a set of birds. Half of 16 flowers is 8 flowers because 16 shared into 2 equal groups gives 8 each. A quarter of 16 flowers is 4 flowers because 16 shared into 4 equal groups gives 4 each. So half of the flowers is double the number in a quarter of the flowers. 8 is double of 4.

Types of questions to practise

Questions on this chapter ask children to tick shapes that are cut equally, colour half, a quarter and three quarters, draw lines to make halves and quarters, complete a whole, fill in half or double, solve clues using less than double and more than half, and choose half or a quarter for a group. The online quiz on this page mixes choice questions, true or false questions, picture questions and typed answers, and the practice sheet has 16 typed answers.

Solved examples

Common mistakes

Fractions in daily life

We use halves and quarters when we cut a roti, a cake or a chikki, share chocolates, pour water into glasses and read the clock. Ask your child to cut a paper into halves and quarters, to share sweets fairly between two or four people, and to say how many quarters make a half.

What your child learns from the Fair Share worksheet

• Equal parts and fair sharing
• Half and quarter
• Two quarters and three quarters
• Double and half
• Fractions of shapes
• Fractions of groups
• Completing a whole
• Using fraction words correctly

Tips for parents and teachers

Use paper folding. Fold a rectangle and a square in different ways and ask your child to prove that the two parts are equal by placing one on top of the other. Share chapatis, fruits or chocolates between two and four people. Say one half and one quarter instead of 1 out of 2 and 1 out of 4. Play a game with marbles where one player has half or double of what the other has.